Itens

• Reverse Logistics and selective waste collection: environmental education as an auxiliary tool on the process of recycling of domestic electronic waste
  The general objective of this work was to analyze from the perspective of reverse logistics, the contribution of environmental education as a tool of management of selective collection of waste in the context of recycling of domestic electronic waste in the city of Manaus. In relation of the methodology, it is a field research carried out through a study case at Descarte Correto company, accomplished in the Municipal Department of Cleaning and Public Services (SEMULSP, in Portuguese) and application of questionnaire to 16 reclyable waste collectors of Aliança Cooperative in Manaus, what made possible to reach the aims of this work, also focusing on the environmental and social benefits came from reverse logistics. The outcomes revealed that in Brazil the iniciatives to the solution of electronic waste problem are still incipient. In the city of Manaus then are almost nonexistent. In fact, at local level, what takes place are some initiatives, as the ones developed by Descarte Correto company and of some cooperatives. Nevertheless, manauara society are not aware yet, as it should, to the issue of electronic waste and to the importance of Selective Waste Collection (SWC) and of reverse logistics. Therefore, it proved, despite incipient, some individual or corporate actions which addresses the issue of electronic waste as of vital importance in contemporary society.
• Inbound Logistics: A Case Study. Business Management Dynamics
  The competition among companies and corporations forces them continually seek for improvements to achieve and keep place in the market. In the dynamism of current time, in which big brands are unstable and the cycle of life of their products are gradually shorter, adapt the production means is becoming a matter of survival, once the products among competitors are getting more and more similar, in technology and price as well. The differential consists, therefore, in production costs, storage, distribution and transport, what it is called inbound and outbound logistics. The companies, which are able to optimize their service and produce through lean manufacturer, has the possibility of putting in the market, in fact short time, new models. To make the costs more competitive, it was used in this study the Value Flow Mapping in a factory located in Manaus Industrial Pole, which has the main clients two wheels that automakers produce in Brazil. This factory works with national and international logistic, through waterway and road transport, to import raw material and inputs for its end product. The article about dissertates concepts which base the tool of Value Flow Mapping, advantages, improvements, besides difficulties for its implantation and necessary steps for its use. The main goal of this study is to sustain the process of continuing improvement, focused on Lean Production. The methodology used was the case study. The result it will reached the productive process leaner and, therefore, more competitive for global market
• Proposal for improvement the welding process of the micro- USB connector on the mother board on tablets
  The current electrical and electronic products industry have features extremely dynamic and with constant search for improvement in their manufacturing processes, seeking greater efficiency and lower costs. In the manufacturing process of the main board on tablets, in the area of welding technology, there was a problem in the micro USB connector soldering process causing high defect rates. The purpose of this article was to conduct assessment and proposal for improvement in this process. The methods and techniques used were quality tools PDCA cycle, cause and effect diagram and 5W2H. Among these solutions, the choice was to implement pallets of durestone to maintain the alignment of the connector on the reflow soldering oven. The results show a reduction in failure rates from 12.40% to 0.09% in the production line, which avoided the institution generate a total of 24,800 defective boards on the total to be produced. The total cost savings from logistics repair of these boards was approximately 70.002,80. USD
• Proposal for Improved External Parking Layout of the Organization
  In a dynamic competitive environment, parking is of paramount importance to ensure customer convenience, comfort and safety which enables the organization's success in a long-term business relationship. In this perspective, this article aims to show the study to improve and optimize the layout of the parking lot outside the company JB Scaffolding. The research methodology is characterized as descriptive, data collection on the situation of the organization under study with a quantitative approach type. Were used as instruments of research structured questionnaire with open and closed questions, direct observation, document analysis and photographic record. The results show that parking is critical to retaining customers and ensure competitiveness in the market providing consumers part to increased demand organization and demand for their services and consequently greater efficiency and reliability.
• Power Quality Analysis Substation the Voltage Level of 13.8 KV
  This article presents a study of Quality of Electric Power in an electricity concessionaire performed in 2015 at a substation media tension with 13.8 kV voltage level. The purpose of this article is to measure and monitor for a period of seven days the supply of electricity in the CAP (Common Coupling Point) in the electrical system bus of Dealers and analyze what the real situation of electricity supply for the consumer units, based on criteria established by the IEC TR 61000-3-6, IEEE 519-92 and PRODIST / ANEEL. The methodology used for this work was through field measurements. To carry out campaigns of field measurements was used the Quality Analyzer HIOKI PW3198 Power. The results of the obtained analyzes showed that the presented methodology is applicable as the new requirements associated with power quality come into force, among which may be mentioned harmonic distortion, SAG, SWELL, which will be charged to companies power distribution, ie electricity distributors must conform to such requirements by PRODIST / ANEEL, otherwise companies will suffer penalties by large fines.
• Analysis of energy efficiency of air conditioning systems for Industrial Processes
  :The paper presents an analysis of energy efficiency in air conditioning systems in an industry of the Industrial Polo of Manaus (PIM). The air conditioning in the company is one of the responsible for the high consumption of electricity. The air conditioning within the company is fundamental and aims to control the temperature of a product, substance, environment or medium in production systems. Article's goal is to analyze the air conditioning system compared with direct expansion equipment (air) and indirect expansion condensation (water) to reduce consumption of electricity. The materials and methods used allowed the analysis of data of energy consumption and operating costs of the chillers screw and centrifugal. The results obtained were satisfactory according to the analysis of costs for both the old and current facilities, existing at the factory. According to these results the best option is the use of centrifugal Chillers because the payback time is lesser, also allows the reduction in 40% of the electricity costs
• Ergonomic work analysis (EWA) no packing station with focus on stationery industry
  In the study ergonomics is applied occupational biomechanics to study the interactions between man-machine environment, from the point of view of posture and movement muscle - skeletal and its consequence. The overall objective is to achieve a reduction of work without overloading the members of employees of the pens packing station, using the methods of ergonomics and Moore & Garg tools and NIOSH, achieved results of the implementation of the PDCA methodology. The methodology applied research is literature of qualitative and quantitative, using the PDCA method to direct AET and solve problems with the help of brainstorning techniques, Ishikawa chart, 5W2H and NIOSH and Moore & Garg tools to assess task of the risk of overloading to the members of staff. We used the PDCA method is a method that has the same philosophy and focus of ergonomics interest, the implementation of systems, together consisting of sources of successes, reverses on the results of comfort performance - productivity, generating benefits for both the parties, business and employees. The success was evidenced by the revaluation of tasks by NIOSH tool (load survey analysis on the task of putting cash on the treadmill) and Moore & Garg (overhead analysis in the upper limbs on the task of filling cartridges with pens), which potentiated low-risk tasks as the appearance of RSI / MSDs; with low claims of employees of complaints related to activities that reached the lower level to 50% and 20% increase in productivity.
• Improvement of the process of fixing the wiring socket on the instrument panel for motorcycles
  The use of Sockets for preparation of lamps, either for residential or industrial use, has been suffering a considerable change through the years their its physical model and in the raw material used for their manufacture, motivating the industries to search amodel of Socket in favor of a quality management and a continuous improvement. This article aims to analyze the manufacturing process of the instrument panel for two-wheeled vehicle (motorcycles), looking for improvements in the process of fixation of the wiring Socket in the inferior case of the instrument panel. The used method was the qualitative and quantitative, guided by the technique of case study in the production process of the assembly line of the instrument panel. The obtained results showed a reduction in the time of the process from 40 sec to 16 sec, representing an improvement of 24 sec in the indicator of the time, beyond a direct reduction in the production cost of the instrument panel, resulting in an annual financial gain of (U$D 40.794,46) with a return of the invested capital in a period of seven months, and the improvement of the manufacturing process.
• New solution for resolution of the Economic Load Dispatch by different mathematical optimization methods, turning off the less efficient generators
  The Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) is one of the most important tasks of optimization and operational decision for the in power systems. Traditional materials and methods have been developed to solve the economic dispatch. They allow you to determine the ideal combination of the output power of each generating unit, in order to meet the desired demand, without violating the restrictions. Traditional methodologies underutilize the capacity of the power plant by leaving all generators connected, in cases where demand is less than the total generation capacity of the plant, increasing total fuel costs. The objective of this work is to perform a comparison of several mathematical optimization methods (Lambda Iteration, Newton's Method and Quadratic Programming) in solving the ELD problem, considering the traditional methodology and the proposed methodology that includes turning off the less efficient generators.
• Cultural algorithm with local search evaluated through non-parametric statistical tests
  This work aims to analyze the performance of the classical Cultural Algorithm (CA) with a new hybrid CA proposal with to two local search techniques (Simulated Annealing - SA and Tabu Search - TS). In order to diversify the tests, in the CA with SA there was variation of the parameter energy, and in the CA with TS, there was variation in the size of the tabu list. The algorithms were submitted to two scenarios (scenario 1 - Basic functions, scenario 2 - Hybrid functions). The proposed algorithm differs from others found in the literature, by the process of feeding the topographic knowledge that guides the research. The analysis was performed using the Friedman, Friedman Aligned and Quades tests, which serve to compare the behavior of a set of algorithms at one time.
• MATHEMATICAL MODELING FOR CONTROL OF HVAC SYSTEM USING WITHIN MODELATION OF HVAC MOTORS
  Este artigo apresenta através de modelos matemáticos formas de otimizar o desempenho da arquitetura de sistemas de HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning). A primeira proposta deste artigo é introduzir conceitos de como funcionam os sistemas de climatização e quais as ferramentas que permitem o controle desses sistemas olhando para o conforto térmico desejado com o objetivo de atender as condições desejáveis procurando o menor consumo possível. Serão mostrados quais os tipos de controle mais comuns e os que tendem a ser mais utilizados nas proximas implementações. Nessa pesquisa são mostradas as principais influências dentro desse sistema através das equações matemáticas para auxiliar em uma possível simulação de um circuito de HVAC
• Fire Fighting System Modeling in Oil and Gas Waterway Terminal Based on Colored Petri Nets
  Modeling, as a means of analysis of safety systems, as well as industrial processes and related purposes, meets the demand for suitable methods. The present work aims to evaluate an adherence of the concepts of modeling and Petri nets applied to the logic and interlock strategies of a Fire Fighting System (FFS). For this purpose, a real installation was used to acquire the information, which was an Oil & Gas Waterway Terminal, located in the municipality of Coari in the State of Amazonas, Brazil, which receives, stores and disposes of oil and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). The analysis models and the interlocking strategies are validated with the use of the Petri nets, where are the patterns of systems to discrete events, through a method of analysis in which all the paths and states that the modeled system are simulated It can obtain, to allow from this model to study and evaluate possibilities of improvement of the system
• Home Automation with Web Control Based on Java Applets
  The purpose of this work is to present concepts of systems integration, involving the computational, electronic, civil and mechanical areas directed to domotics and the benefits it brings, focused on the remote control performed through the Internet. Addressing Web programming with the use of Java applets, and other technologies involved in implementing Internet integration with automated residence. By demonstrating how it is possible through a web browser to control automated home systems, allied with the increasing demand for home automation products. They are systems that allow the lighting of lights by means of sensors, automatic climate control, cameras integrated in the rooms besides many other equipment. Where the proposed system includes lighting control functions, using switches that allow the control of light intensity, which allows the implementation of scenarios with scenic lighting. With this in mind, it was necessary to study the electric circuit of lighting, covering types of peripheral controllers and the models of the dimmer switches that allow the functionalities that the application requires.
• A HOLISTIC VISION OF THE INFLUENCE OF QUALITY IN THE INDUSTRIAL PROCESS
  This paper presents a holistic view of the influence of quality on industrial processes. In an increasingly competitive market, companies are looking for strategic decisions that guarantee their survival, thus making a holistic analysis of the current and future scenario, since quality has become a prime factor for organizational growth, as well as a Competitiveness mechanism. The objective of the study was to bring the influence that the quality makes in the industrial processes from the changes, until the adequacy for the total satisfaction of the client. The applied methodology was the one of bibliographical survey, in articles, books, dissertations, theses and monographs. The results show that quality is seen by companies as a key element for organizational development. In a holistic view, companies have focused on the concepts of quality, treating as a mechanism that has led to changes in production processes, being considered one of the responsible for customer satisfaction.
• Propuesta de solución para defectos en el proceso de la pintura de partes plásticas de industria de motocicletas
  During the painting process with Acrylate styrene acrylonitrile (ASA) materials, it is included the stage of injecting molten material into the mold, which ensures a higher final quality of the part. This article aims to identify and describe the problems of direct painting of plastic parts in the automotive sector. It was developed a quantitative, qualitative and descriptive survey method for this porpoise. The results were the reduction of defects in the painting process when changing the ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) process into the ASA process and reducing losses rejections.
• DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR POWER SUPPLY OF AUTOMATIC RADIO PRODUCTION INTRINSIC TO INDUSTRY 4.0
  Este artigo tem como objetivo desenvolver um sistema automatizado de linhas de produção de Rádios Automotivos intrínsecos à Indústria 4.0. A motivação principal para realização deste trabalho reside no fato da Internet permitir que os usuários acessem informação em qualquer momento e lugar. Com isso, permite que empresas, públicas ou privadas, conduzam negócios e compartilhem informações ou dados em uma base global. Para isto foi necessário o desenvolvimento de um software de supervisão de chamadas de materiais com status de cada pedido tempo da chamada e previsão de término do atendimento e alimentador responsável pelo pedido (chamado). Os resultados foram gerados automaticamente utilizando-se um leitor de código de barras para otimizar uma Empresa do Pólo Industrial de Manaus (PIM) e ao final da implementação verificou-se que proposta otimizou o tempo de execução processo fabril em 50% permitindo a redução de horas extras, dos gastos da empresa, mão-de-obra e energia elétrica, refletindo diretamente no custo de produção.
• Solution to Economic – Emission Load Dispatch by Cultural Algorithm Combined With Local Search: Case Study
  Economic-emission load dispatch uses the fuel cost variables and gas emission in a minimized way to obtain an optimal operation in generation units in a power plant, guaranteeing the supply of demand. The first variable is definitive to ensure business continuity and the second to comply with environmental legislation and no degradation of the environment. This paper analyzes the use of a new computational optimization algorithm based on the cultural algorithm (CA), improved with local search techniques simulated annealing and Tabu search, using data from a real power plant with 10 generators and the system of the IEEE with 13 generating units. The application has two options of operation: the classic one, which operates with all generators seeking to minimize the cost and emission meeting the specified demand; and the controlled one, which turns off the generators that have the highest incremental fuel cost but guaranteeing the demand and reducing the emission of gases. Simulations were performed on the six possible options in this application. The results obtained were compared with each other and with the results of other techniques reported in the literature. The local search that improved the CA and the new way of updating topographic knowledge allowed the results to be better than those found by other metaheuristics that solved the same problem of the real plant and the IEEE system.
• Analysis of the solution for the economic load dispatch by different mathematical methods and genetic algorithms: Case Study
  The optimization of Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) is one of the most important tasks in Power Plants (PP). The paper objective is to analyze a new application of the computational optimization technique by Genetic Algorithms including Turning Off the motors with greatest losses. The incremental cost of fuel is used to determine the best parameters of active power of each ith generator unit, ensuring that the demand and total losses are equal to the total generated power but minimizing the total cost of fuel. Materials and methods have been developed to solve the economic load dispatch, among them: lambda iteration, gradient method, Newton and so others. The results found for this case study, with the new application of Optimization by Genetic Algorithms were outstanding having a reduction of 19,88% in the total fuel cost, comparing to classical methods that distribute the generation of energy among all motors, including the least efficient ones. This method helps the expert in the decision making of preventive maintenance of machines that are not being used in the moment of multi-objective optimization, improving not only the efficiency of motors but also of the power plant generation planning.
• USO DE ENERGIA SOLAR APLICADA AO ARMAZENAMENTO E MANEJO DE ÁGUA PLUVIAL
  – Este trabalho objetiva o desenvolvimento de um Sistema Fotovoltaico para Manejo de Águas Pluviais (SFMAP). É uma forma tecnológica sustentável de Armazenamento, Manejo e Consumo de Águas pluviais (AMCAP) em centros urbanos e comunidades desfavorecidas. Para avaliar a exequibilidade do SFMAP realizou-se estudo de caso numa Instituição de Ensino Federal. Foi realizado levantamento com dados reais das variáveis climáticas do sistema: insolação e índice pluviométrico. Para dimensionar o armazenamento foram usados o método de Rippl, devido à simplicidade de aplicação e o de Andrade Neto que se baseia em uma comparação entre a distribuição da chuva ao longo do ano e o número de meses de déficit de chuva, a partir do cálculo da precipitação mensal crítica. A conclusão é que o SFMAP é uma forma sustentável do manejo adequado de águas pluviais
• IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS PELA FALTA DE FOSSAS SÉPTICAS NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO BAIRRO DE EDUCANDOS
  Os grandes impactos causados ao meio ambiente de forma geral tem demonstrado que a saúde dos povos sugere uma preocupação com rios, mares e com setores urbanos das cidades, onde as moradias tem causado esses efeitos preocupantes com as vidas sociais nos meios urbanos e as destruições do meio ambiente. O objetivo do artigo é analisar os impactos ambientais causados pela ausência de fossas sépticas nos domicílios em torno das margens da Bacia Hidrográfica de um bairro localizado ema Manaus. Os materiais e os métodos aplicados no estudo têm como subsídios as análises do padrão socioeconômico básico de dados oficiais do censo demográfico, grau de escolaridade, e saneamento. Sua realização é justificada pela importância de se discutir relações socioculturais com o ambiente natural e seus respectivos impactos para se construir comportamentos apropriados e políticas públicas. Os resultados mostraram que as implantações de fossas sépticas nos domicílios da região venham amenizar impactos negativos tanto ao meio ambiente como às pessoas que moram na circunvizinhança
• Deposition flow of Mercury and Selenium in Hair of riverine in habitants of the Amazon, Brazil
  This paper provides an estimation of Hg, CH3Hg+ and Se levels in hair samples of riverine inhabitants belonging to Itaituba municipality - Barreiras community (area impacted by gold mining underground) and Juruti municipality - Tabatinga community (area without mining impact) (masculine and feminine genus), Pará state (Amazon, Brazil), as well as Hg, CH3Hg+ and Se levels in 12 fish species (carnivores and non-carnivorous), which stand out as the main species consumed by riverside inhabitants, to evaluate a relationship between fish consumption frequency; and Hg, CH3Hg+ and Se concentration, and also to evaluate possible protection mechanisms (or nonprotection) to Hg exposure by Se. Results showed that the levels of Hg, CH3Hg+ and Se found in the present study, which were an average of 15.21 µg g−1 of Hg, 10.48 µg g−1 of CH3Hg+ and 3.64 µg g−1 of Se for male inhabitants and an average of 13.89 µg g−1 of Hg, 10.68µg g−1 of CH3Hg+ and 3.60 µg g−1 of Se for female inhabitants belonging to the Barreira community, were higher than the Hg, CH3Hg+ and Se levels found in hair samples from inhabitants of Tabatinga community and other gold-producing areas, indicating risk for river side populations along the Tapajós river and for Barreira community. From the information of protective effect (or not) of selenium in hair, given the variation in Se concentration and Hg exposition between the two populations, the molar ratio Hg/Se and Hg millimole revealed a plausible correlation averaged for hair samples of riverine inhabitants belonging to Barreiras (R2 = 0.86, p<0.05) and Tabatinga (R2 = 0.57, p<0.05) community. Similarly for the fish, the molar ratio Hg/Se and Hg millimole revealed a plausible correlation averaged for fish samples carnivorous and non-carnivorous (R2 = 0.97, p<0.05).
• Streamflow forecasts due precipitation water in a tropical large watershed at Brazil for flood early warning, based on SWAT model
  The Tocantins-Araguaia Watershed, which is distributed equivalent to 11% of Brazilian territory, conveys waters to the northern portion of Brazil with average discharge of 11000 m3 s -1 , with contribution from the Tocantins River (40%), the Araguaia River (45%), and the Itacaiúnas River (5%), making possible an intangible flood in the Marabá city and Tucuruí Hydroelectric Plant (Downstream) during periods of high rainfall within the tropical watershed without provide timely warnings. For flash flood forecasting in a tropical large watershed, streamflow forecasts due precipitation water is required for flood early warning and in this sense, numerical prediction models are fundamental to extend streamflow forecast of a watershed due to precipitation. The paper focuses on the use Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), January 2007 to December 2010 period, to comparison of streamflows obtained from the post-processed precipitation forecasts, in providing skilful flood forecasts. In this sense, the basin was divided into 109 sub-basins and 1969 HRUs, and the model was calibrated and validated based on flow rate data in three monitoring points located next of Marabá city and Tucuruí hydroelectric. Posteriorly, simulated discharges scenario due to climatic variability extreme were generated under three strategies: 10%, 50% and 100% increase in ambient temperature (24℃) due natural and/or anthropogenic events within the watershed. The model results show that stream flows obtained adds value to the flood early warning system when compared to precipitation forecasts. Considering that climate is a direct function of temperature it is obvious that all relevant phenomena undergo changes. The scenarios results show that 50% increase in ambient temperature this leads to greater and faster evaporation. Thus, the gradual increase of precipitation in tropical watershed large alters flow rates over time and increase flood potentials in areas downstream of the basins. However, the need for more detailed evaluation of the model results in the study area is highlighted, due adequately represent the convective precipitation within the large tropical watershed.
• Educational platform to test automation systems in combustion engines
  Laboratory practices are important components of any engineering curriculum. The laboratory is an important tool for the engineer to the student makes possible the learning of practical aspects of their profession. Several discussions on types of experiments, correlation between laboratory and class work, importance of the laboratory in the general curriculum and others. It has been a general consensus that laboratories are essential and should be included in the curriculum. Promote practices that ensure a better quality of teaching by developing critical thinking are the main concerns in the ongoing development plan of the laboratories of the engineering department.
• Maternal-fetal Protection in Automobile Accidents and Reliability in the use of Existing Safety Belts
  This study aimed to understand the mechanisms of lesions that occur in pregnant women involved in automobile accidents, their outcomes, and to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability in the use of existing seatbelts. A systematic review was conducted based on PubMed, Scielo, and Lilacs. Describers: Pregnancy, traffic accidents, pregnancy complications, seatbelts, protective devices. Criteria of inclusion: Articles published in the period from 2006 to 2017, in the English, Portuguese, or Spanish languages. Eight studies were selected that comprised the sample in this research. The findings indicate that the main mechanisms of lesions that occur in pregnancy due to an automobile accident are related to direct trauma on the abdomen, given that at the moment of an accident the objects located within the vehicle continue moving forward, causing the pregnant woman to project the torso forward, strongly compromising the uterus, even with the use of the sub-abdominal seatbelt; despite this, the majority of the authors relate that the non-use of the seatbelts could lead to even graver traumatisms, including adverse fetal consequences.
• Logistics Platform (LP) approach in the Stakeholders view
  This study approaches a perspective on the perception of the stakeholders in the various fields of action, taking as a model the Regional Logistics Platform (RLP). The purpose of this article is to analyze and make feasible the main criteria for the formulation of such a model. The applied methodology was presented the existing procedures of implantation of a model of Logistic Platforms (LP): the influence of the LP in the sustainable development, showing the economic, environmental and social development and the intervening actors. The expected results were: the analyzes with qualitative economic, social and environmental impacts of the infrastructure of a RLP, becoming more relevant when the logistics service is adequate. Nevertheless, in this situation the implications of the construction of the infrastructures and the operation of the logistics equipment have ample reach and, often, almost imperceptible. Implementing and operating a RLP implies a series of positive and negative impacts on the environment of its area of influence which, when not considered, distort expectations of return to stakeholders on the implementation of a RLP. On the other hand, there is a strict relationship between the interests associated with the implementation of an PL, with the horizontal and vertical relations of the intervening actors, enabling an adequate deployment of sustainability indicators, linked to criteria that make performance evaluation of development sustainable development in the Amazon Region to identify the main positive and negative impacts associated with the implementation of a PL in the view of the Stakeholders.